Mouth sores and canker sores are some of the most common oral health issues, affecting everyday activities like speaking, swallowing, and chewing. While minor mouth sores may heal on their own within a few days, some can become inflamed, leading to painful ulcers known as canker sores. Treatment options range from natural remedies and mouthwashes to, in some cases, antibiotics.
Investigating the underlying cause of recurring sores is critical, as they could be a sign of more serious health issues. If mouth sores are a regular problem, it is essential to consult a dentist and consider a thorough examination for potential health concerns.
What is a Mouth Sore?
A mouth sore refers to lesions in the inner cheeks, gums, tongue, the underside of the tongue, or the roof of the mouth. When these sores become inflamed and swollen, they are commonly known as canker sores. Mouth sores may result from viral infections, bacterial infections, or simply from the physical irritation caused by hard foods.
Although most are mild and heal within a few days, persistent or recurring sores should be evaluated, as they may indicate a more serious condition. Children and infants are particularly prone to mouth sores due to inadequate oral hygiene or accidental injury. Research shows that mouth sores occur more frequently in women than in men.
Symptoms of Mouth Sores
Mouth sores typically appear within 1-2 days, develop quickly, and usually heal in a few days. Common symptoms include:
- Red, inflamed areas in the mouth
- Swelling, pain, and tenderness at the sore site
- Pain and discomfort when talking or chewing
- Sensitivity while brushing teeth
- Loss of appetite
- Sore throat
- Fever
What Causes Mouth Sores?
Mouth sores may arise from stress or psychological factors, but they can also result from various other causes, including:
- Genetic and systemic conditions
- Vitamin and mineral deficiencies
- Medication side effects
- Hormonal changes
- Allergies to certain foods or drugs
- Consumption of excessively hot or cold foods
- Poor oral hygiene
- Alcoholic and acidic beverages
- Smoking
- Use of harsh chemical-containing toothpaste or mouth products
- Dental or gum structure issues
- Weakened immune system
- Bacterial and viral infections
- Consumption of hard or abrasive foods
How is a Mouth Sore Diagnosed?
Mouth sores, if they are easily visible, can often be self-diagnosed by examining the painful area in a mirror. Sores located near the roof of the mouth or back of the throat are typically identified by a dentist using specialized instruments. If a sore persists beyond a few days or causes excessive pain, bleeding, or fever, immediate dental consultation is advised.
During an examination, the dentist will assess the sore’s size and determine an appropriate treatment. In cases of infection, a culture sample from the mouth may be analyzed to identify the microorganism, enabling targeted antibiotic or antiviral therapy.
Remedies for Mouth Sores and Treatment
For minor sores that don’t significantly disrupt daily life, simple home remedies and mouthwashes can often speed up recovery. However, larger sores may require professional care, especially in children where they may cause appetite loss, impacting growth and development. Here are some home remedies for mouth sores:
- Baking Soda: Baking soda’s antibacterial properties can help heal mouth sores. Mix a teaspoon of baking soda with a small amount of water, and gargle. For sores closer to the lips, dab the mixture onto the sore with a cloth.
- Sage: Sage tea has antimicrobial effects that can help soothe mouth sores. Brew natural sage, allow it to cool to a lukewarm temperature, and swish it in the mouth before swallowing. Keeping the tea in the mouth briefly before swallowing enhances its effect.
- Salt Water: Mix a teaspoon of salt with a cup of warm water and gargle. Saltwater helps disinfect the mouth and accelerates healing. A slight stinging sensation is normal during the process.
In addition to these natural remedies, over-the-counter antiseptic and anti-inflammatory mouthwashes are commonly recommended for mouth sore care. These mouthwashes can alleviate pain, cleanse the mouth, and, if containing antibiotics, help fight infection. Consult your doctor before starting any home treatment, as each case is unique.
If mouth sores fail to heal within a few days, they may progress to more severe conditions affecting the dental roots, potentially leading to tooth loss. For persistent sores, consult a dentist for a proper diagnosis and individualized treatment plan.